{"id":6422,"date":"2023-06-02T15:27:02","date_gmt":"2023-06-02T20:27:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/?page_id=6422"},"modified":"2025-09-26T13:41:22","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T18:41:22","slug":"jalhe-volume-7","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-7\/","title":{"rendered":"JALHE Volume 7"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\" style=\"border:2px solid #000000;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"201\" height=\"300\" alt=\"JALHE Cover\" title=\"JALHE_2019.v8.i1_edited\" src=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/116\/2023\/03\/JALHE_2019.v8.i1_edited-201x300.jpg\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-5800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/116\/2023\/03\/JALHE_2019.v8.i1_edited-200x299.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/116\/2023\/03\/JALHE_2019.v8.i1_edited.jpg 357w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 201px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;font-size: 18pt\"><strong>Volumes of JALHE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><nav class=\"awb-menu awb-menu_column awb-menu_em-hover mobile-mode-collapse-to-button awb-menu_icons-left awb-menu_dc-yes mobile-trigger-fullwidth-off awb-menu_mobile-toggle awb-menu_indent-left mobile-size-full-absolute loading mega-menu-loading awb-menu_desktop awb-menu_dropdown awb-menu_expand-right awb-menu_transition-fade\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;--awb-submenu-text-transform:none;--awb-main-justify-content:center;--awb-mobile-justify:flex-start;--awb-mobile-caret-left:auto;--awb-mobile-caret-right:0;--awb-fusion-font-family-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-typography:400;--awb-fusion-font-family-submenu-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-submenu-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-submenu-typography:400;--awb-fusion-font-family-mobile-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-mobile-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-mobile-typography:400;\" aria-label=\"JALHE\" data-breakpoint=\"1024\" data-count=\"0\" data-transition-type=\"fade\" data-transition-time=\"300\" data-expand=\"right\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"awb-menu__m-toggle awb-menu__m-toggle_no-text\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"menu-jalhe\"><span class=\"awb-menu__m-toggle-inner\"><span class=\"collapsed-nav-text\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Toggle Navigation<\/span><\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__m-collapse-icon awb-menu__m-collapse-icon_no-text\"><span class=\"awb-menu__m-collapse-icon-open awb-menu__m-collapse-icon-open_no-text fa-bars fas\"><\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__m-collapse-icon-close awb-menu__m-collapse-icon-close_no-text fa-times fas\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/button><ul id=\"menu-jalhe\" class=\"fusion-menu awb-menu__main-ul awb-menu__main-ul_column\"><li  id=\"menu-item-8147\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8147 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"8147\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-1\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">Fall 2009,  Vol. 1<\/span><\/a><\/li><li  id=\"menu-item-8155\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8155 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"8155\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-2\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">Fall 2010 Vol. 2<\/span><\/a><\/li><li  id=\"menu-item-8154\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8154 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"8154\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-3\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">Fall 2011 Vol. 3<\/span><\/a><\/li><li  id=\"menu-item-8153\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8153 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"8153\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-4\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">Fall 2012 Vol. 4<\/span><\/a><\/li><li  id=\"menu-item-8152\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8152 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"8152\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-5\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">Fall 2013 Vol. 5<\/span><\/a><\/li><li  id=\"menu-item-8151\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8151 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"8151\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-6\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">Fall 2014 Vol. 6<\/span><\/a><\/li><li  id=\"menu-item-8150\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8150 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"8150\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-7\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">Spring 2017 Vol 7<\/span><\/a><\/li><li  id=\"menu-item-8149\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8149 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"8149\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-8\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">Fall 2019 Vol 8<\/span><\/a><\/li><li  id=\"menu-item-8148\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8148 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"8148\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-9\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">Fall 2023 Vol 9<\/span><\/a><\/li><li  id=\"menu-item-8230\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8230 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"8230\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/jalhe-volume-10\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">JALHE Volume 10<\/span><\/a><\/li><li  id=\"menu-item-9196\"  class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9196 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__li_button\"  data-item-id=\"9196\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/?page_id=9194&#038;preview=true&#038;aiEnableCheckShortcode=true\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_button\"><span class=\"menu-text fusion-button button-default button-large\">Fall 2025 VOL. 11<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:4px;--awb-icon-size:10px;--awb-content-font-size:12pt;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#fec20a;--awb-border-color:#000000;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#000000;--awb-title-color:#89385b;--awb-content-color:#000000;--awb-icon-box-color:#fec20a;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#000000;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Oswald&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:400;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:18px;--awb-title-line-height:1.5;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-6422-1\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-8b3f876de82070e14 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_8b3f876de82070e14\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"8b3f876de82070e14\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-6422-1\" data-target=\"#8b3f876de82070e14\" href=\"#8b3f876de82070e14\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Current Editorial Board<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"8b3f876de82070e14\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_8b3f876de82070e14\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Editorial Board:<\/strong><br \/>\nTilottama &#8220;Tilo&#8221; Roy, Ph.D., Missouri Western State University (Executive Editor (Editor-in-Chief)<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Michael Ducey, Ph.D., DeSales University<br \/>\nAshley Elias, Ph.D., Missouri Western State University<br \/>\nBenedict Adams, Ph.D., Missouri Western State University<br \/>\nJames Carviou, Ph.D., Wichita State University<br \/>\nCheryl McIntosh, Ph.D., Missouri Western State University<br \/>\nJohn Fisher, Ph.D. Utah Valley University<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-0c7d78cda89d08a10 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_0c7d78cda89d08a10\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"0c7d78cda89d08a10\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-6422-1\" data-target=\"#0c7d78cda89d08a10\" href=\"#0c7d78cda89d08a10\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Peer Review Policy<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"0c7d78cda89d08a10\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_0c7d78cda89d08a10\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>All papers submitted to JALHE undergo a rigorous peer review process, beginning with an initial screening by the editor prior to anonymous review by at least two independent experts. The editor will convey a final decision to the author, along with constructive feedback from the two reviewers.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-d2ac72246a09a5aa2 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_d2ac72246a09a5aa2\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"d2ac72246a09a5aa2\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-6422-1\" data-target=\"#d2ac72246a09a5aa2\" href=\"#d2ac72246a09a5aa2\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Disclaimer<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"d2ac72246a09a5aa2\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_d2ac72246a09a5aa2\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>The views, opinions, or findings expressed in the Journal represent those of the individual authors of the respective works and do not represent the view, opinions, or findings of Missouri Western State University.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:66.666666666667%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.88%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.88%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"--awb-sep-color:#fec20a;\"><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:28;line-height:1.4;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt\"><strong>Journal of Applied Learning in Higher Education<\/strong><\/span><\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p>The <em>Journal of Applied Learning in Higher Education<\/em> (JALHE) is an international and interdisciplinary journal serving the community of scholars engaged in applied learning at institutions of higher education. Its purpose is to advance scholarship on applied learning by providing an outlet for empirical, interpretive, and theoretical work related to this pedagogical practice.<\/p>\n<p>For questions or more information about the Journal contact us at <a href=\"mailto:goal@missouriwestern.edu\">goal@missouriwestern.edu<\/a><\/p>\n<p>DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7p3-63\">https:\/\/doi.org\/<span data-sheets-value=\"{\" data-sheets-userformat=\"{\" data-sheets-formula=\"='V7_P3-63'!R&#091;0&#093;C&#091;0&#093;\">10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7p3-63<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>JALHE Vol. 7, Spring 2017 Pages 3-63<\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 2017 Missouri Western State University<\/p>\n<\/div><div style=\"text-align:left;\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-3d button-medium button-custom fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-span-no \" style=\"--button_accent_color:#000000;--button_accent_hover_color:#000000;--button_border_hover_color:#000000;--button_border_width-top:5px;--button_border_width-right:5px;--button_border_width-bottom:5px;--button_border_width-left:5px;--button-border-radius-top-left:20px;--button-border-radius-top-right:20px;--button-border-radius-bottom-right:20px;--button-border-radius-bottom-left:20px;--button_gradient_top_color:#ffc700;--button_gradient_bottom_color:#ffc700;--button_gradient_top_color_hover:rgba(255,194,14,0.78);--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:rgba(255,194,14,0.78);\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/116\/2018\/11\/JALHE-7.pdf\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Access Full Volume 7<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt\"><strong>Articles<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:4px;--awb-icon-size:10px;--awb-content-font-size:12pt;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:#000000;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#89385b;--awb-content-color:#000000;--awb-icon-box-color:#000000;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#fec20a;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Oswald&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:400;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:18px;--awb-title-line-height:1.5;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-6422-2\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-1c8fc5ddcfb5dcef9 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_1c8fc5ddcfb5dcef9\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"1c8fc5ddcfb5dcef9\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-6422-2\" data-target=\"#1c8fc5ddcfb5dcef9\" href=\"#1c8fc5ddcfb5dcef9\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Innovations in Experiential Learning for Adult Learners<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"1c8fc5ddcfb5dcef9\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_1c8fc5ddcfb5dcef9\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><strong>Innovations in Experiential Learning for Adult Learners<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;font-size: 12pt\">Authors:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>AMANDA G. SISSELMAN-BORGIA<\/strong>, CUNY Lehman College<br \/>\n<strong>GINA C. TORINO<\/strong>, SUNY Empire State College<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;font-size: 12pt\">Abstract:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">While there is no single profile of the adult learner in the 21st century, there exists a common desire to obtain a degree in higher education. Adult learners as a group are comprised of a large number of women and individuals from various racial\/ethnic groups. In addition, they often possess varied learning styles and maintain multiple roles and responsibilities. Many learners may be interested in gaining entrance to the workforce for the first time, may be seeking a career change, or may be looking to advance one\u2019s current career status. Thus, as students learn, it becomes important for them to gain valuable experiential learning opportunities, apply prior knowledge, gain new knowledge, and increase career opportunities upon graduation. One valuable vehicle to achieve these goals is participation in internships. This article will discuss a case study and will describe a pilot program designed to provide adult learners with an experiential learning opportunity in the community for college credit. Issues involved in creating such opportunities for adult learners will be addressed, as will successes and barriers to success. Use of theory related to the scholarship of teaching and adult development, in particular the work of Mezirow, Brookfield, and Boyer, will be used to connect adult education to the need for experiential learning, as distinguished from prior life experience. Recommendations for internship development for adult learners will be discussed.<\/p>\n<p>DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a1p3-12\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a1p3-12<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/116\/2023\/06\/JALHE_2017_V7_a1_ref.pdf\"> Access List of References<\/a><\/p>\n<p>JALHE Vol. 7, Article 1. Fall 2017 Pages 3-12<\/p>\n<p><strong>How to cite this article:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span data-sheets-formula-bar-text-style=\"font-size:16px;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;\">Sisselman-Borgia, A. G., &amp; Torino, G. C. (2017, Spring). Innovations in Experiential Learning for Adult Learners. Journal of Applied Learning in Higher Education, 7(1), 3-12. <\/span><a class=\"waffle-rich-text-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a1p3-12\" data-sheets-formula-bar-text-link=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a1p3-12\" data-sheets-formula-bar-text-style=\"font-size:16px;color:#1155cc;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-family:''Times New Roman'';font-style:normal;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a1p3-12<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">\u00a9 2017 Missouri Western State University<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-48ca9552f355cf029 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_48ca9552f355cf029\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"48ca9552f355cf029\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-6422-2\" data-target=\"#48ca9552f355cf029\" href=\"#48ca9552f355cf029\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Case-in-Point Pedagogy: Building Capacity for Experiential Learning and Democracy<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"48ca9552f355cf029\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_48ca9552f355cf029\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">Case-in-Point Pedagogy: Building Capacity for Experiential Learning and Democracy<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;font-size: 12pt\">Authors:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>LORI E. KNIFFIN<\/strong>, University of North Carolina at Greensboro<br \/>\n<strong>KERRY L. PRIEST<\/strong>, Kansas State University<br \/>\n<strong>PATTI H. CLAYTON<\/strong>, PHC Ventures, IUPUI, UNCG, Kansas State University<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;font-size: 12pt\">Abstract:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Experiential learning in and out of the classroom provides students with opportunities to learn from reflecting critically on concrete experiences. This article introduces Case-in-Point (CIP), an experiential teaching and learning strategy that uses critical reflection-in-action within the context of the classroom environment to modify behaviors in real-time. We broaden the use of CIP beyond its original realm of application, teaching leadership, to instruction in a range of disciplines, and we explore its use to build capacity for experiential learning and democracy.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a2p15-27\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a2p15-27<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/116\/2023\/06\/JALHE_2017_V7_a2_ref.pdf\">Access List of References<\/a><\/p>\n<p>JALHE Vol. 7, Article 2. Fall 2017 Pages 15-27<\/p>\n<p><strong>How to cite this article:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span data-sheets-formula-bar-text-style=\"font-size:16px;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;\">Kniffin, L. E., Priest, K. L., &amp; Clayton, P. H. (2017, Spring). Case-in-Point Pedagogy: Building Capacity for Experiential Learning and Democracy. Journal of Applied Learning in Higher Education, 7(1), 15-27. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a2p15-27\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a2p15-27<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 2017 Missouri Western State University<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-037b134c19c8000cc fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_037b134c19c8000cc\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"037b134c19c8000cc\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-6422-2\" data-target=\"#037b134c19c8000cc\" href=\"#037b134c19c8000cc\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Comparison of Student Retention Models in Undergraduate Education From the Past Eight Decades<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"037b134c19c8000cc\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_037b134c19c8000cc\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><strong>Comparison of Student Retention Models in Undergraduate Education From the Past Eight Decades<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;font-size: 12pt\">Authors:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>FIDELIS MANYANGA<\/strong>, Salem State University<br \/>\n<strong>ALEC SITHOLE<\/strong>, Missouri Western State University<br \/>\n<strong>SHAWN M. HANSON<\/strong>, Corban University<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;font-size: 12pt\">Abstract:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Student retention and completion rates are challenging issues in higher education. In the academic domain, pressure exists for every institution to come up with strategies that support student success from enrollment through graduation without compromising academic or accreditation standards. This paper presents the findings from a review of student retention models dating back to over eight decades to identify the key factors for retention. Specific recommendations for adaptive and sustainable retention agenda are made. Critical implications of this review directly impact institutional policy makers, researchers, faculty, and decision makers and provide a framework for the development and implementation of viable, adaptive retention initiatives and strategic plans.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">DOI:<\/span>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a3p30-39\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a3p30-39<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/116\/2023\/06\/JALHE_2017_V7_a3_ref.pdf\">Access List of References<\/a><\/p>\n<p>JALHE Vol. 7, Article 3. Fall 2017 Pages 30-39<\/p>\n<p><strong>How to cite this article:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span data-sheets-formula-bar-text-style=\"font-size:16px;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;\">Manyanga, F., Sithole, A., &amp; Hanson, S. M. (2017, Spring). Comparison of Student Retention Models in Undergraduate Education From the Past Eight Decades. Journal of Applied Learning in Higher Education, 7(1), 30-39. <\/span><a class=\"waffle-rich-text-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a3p30-39\" data-sheets-formula-bar-text-link=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a3p30-39\" data-sheets-formula-bar-text-style=\"font-size:16px;color:#1155cc;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-family:''Times New Roman'';font-style:normal;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a3p30-39<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 2017 Missouri Western State University<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-9079a4db9763db3bd fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_9079a4db9763db3bd\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"9079a4db9763db3bd\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-6422-2\" data-target=\"#9079a4db9763db3bd\" href=\"#9079a4db9763db3bd\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Maximizing Concept Application with Hands-on Team Projects in a Concentrated Public Relations Course<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"9079a4db9763db3bd\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_9079a4db9763db3bd\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">Maximizing Concept Application with Hands-on Team Projects in a Concentrated Public Relations Course<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;font-size: 12pt\">Authors:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>AMANDA LOHISER<\/strong>, State University of New York at Fredonia<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;font-size: 12pt\">Abstract:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">A unique pedagogical challenge is presented in the form of a concentrated 400-level introductory public relations course that meets for a total of 15 lessons of 2.5 hours each. The instructor details the benefits of active learning in the classroom, as well as how the use of team projects helps bring real-world examples and hands-on experience of public relations research, planning, communication and evaluation into a classroom of upperclassmen and -women who, through this course, are gaining an introduction to a field they may consider for graduate study, internships or future employment. Rationale for the use of such projects are discussed, including benefits of active learning, appealing to the millennial generation, \u201creal-world\u201d application beyond a textbook, enhancing students\u2019 autonomy in the classroom, and the importance of working in a team. Each project is outlined in terms of its methodology, aspects of student autonomy, objective and analysis. Conclusions and implications are discussed.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">DOI<\/span>:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a4p44-57\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a4p44-57<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/116\/2023\/06\/JALHE_2017_V7_a4_ref.pdf\">Access List of References<\/a><\/p>\n<p>JALHE Vol. 7, Article 4. Fall 2017 Pages 44-57<\/p>\n<p><strong>How to cite this article:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span data-sheets-formula-bar-text-style=\"font-size:16px;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;\">Lohiser, A. (2017, Spring). Maximizing Concept Application with Hands-on Team Projects in a Concentrated Public Relations Course. Journal of Applied Learning in Higher Education, 7(1), 44-57. <\/span><a class=\"waffle-rich-text-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a4p44-57\" data-sheets-formula-bar-text-link=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a4p44-57\" data-sheets-formula-bar-text-style=\"font-size:16px;color:#1155cc;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-family:''Times New Roman'';font-style:normal;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57186\/jalhe_2017_v7a4p44-57<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 2017 Missouri Western State University<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:#000000;border-color:#000000;border-top-width:5px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:5px;--awb-icon-size:10px;--awb-content-font-size:12pt;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:#000000;--awb-background-color:#fec20a;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#89385b;--awb-content-color:#000000;--awb-icon-box-color:#000000;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#fec20a;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Oswald&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:400;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:18px;--awb-title-line-height:1.5;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-6422-3\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-19a911957febcd1eb fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_19a911957febcd1eb\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"19a911957febcd1eb\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-6422-3\" data-target=\"#19a911957febcd1eb\" href=\"#19a911957febcd1eb\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Aims &amp; Scope<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"19a911957febcd1eb\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_19a911957febcd1eb\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>The <em>Journal of Applied Learning in Higher Education<\/em> (JALHE) is an international and interdisciplinary journal serving the community of scholars engaged in applied learning at institutions of higher education. Its purpose is to advance scholarship on applied learning by providing an outlet for empirical, interpretive, and theoretical work related to this pedagogical practice.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-6afac6382ef2eb4e3 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_6afac6382ef2eb4e3\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"6afac6382ef2eb4e3\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-6422-3\" data-target=\"#6afac6382ef2eb4e3\" href=\"#6afac6382ef2eb4e3\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Submission Guidelines<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"6afac6382ef2eb4e3\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_6afac6382ef2eb4e3\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>Each year, presenters at the annual Conference on Applied Learning in Higher Education are invited to submit manuscripts based on their work presented at the conference for consideration for publication in JALHE. Manuscripts of up to 5000 words (excluding tables, figures, and references from the word count) should be submitted via email to Missouri Western State University, at the following address: appliedlearning@missouriwestern.edu. Manuscripts should be submitted as a single Microsoft Word document and should follow current (6th ed.) American Psychological Association (APA)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-9ce353059a67b3766 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_9ce353059a67b3766\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"9ce353059a67b3766\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-6422-3\" data-target=\"#9ce353059a67b3766\" href=\"#9ce353059a67b3766\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">2017 Editorial Board<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"9ce353059a67b3766\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_9ce353059a67b3766\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Executive Editor:<\/strong><br \/>\nBritton T. Johnson, Missouri Western State University<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":67,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6422","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-08-24 02:21:41","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category","extraData":[]},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6422"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9132,"href":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6422\/revisions\/9132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.missouriwestern.edu\/appliedlearning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}